having a low temperature
adjective
Examples:
• It's very cold outside today.
• The water in the lake is too cold for swimming.
a common viral infection causing a runny nose and sneezing
noun
Examples:
• She caught a cold last week.
• Drink plenty of fluids when you have a cold.
a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses, characterized by fever, body aches, and fatigue
noun
Examples:
• He came down with the flu and had to stay in bed for a week.
• Getting a flu shot each autumn reduces your chances of catching the flu.
a chronic respiratory condition in which the airways narrow and swell, causing difficulty breathing, wheezing, and shortness of breath
noun
Examples:
• She has had asthma since childhood and always carries an inhaler.
• Cold air can trigger an asthma attack in sensitive individuals.
a disease in which the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels
noun
Examples:
• She was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
• Managing diabetes requires careful diet and medication.
a disease caused by uncontrolled division of abnormal cells
noun
Examples:
• She was diagnosed with breast cancer.
• Cancer research has made significant progress.
a disease causing painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints
noun
Examples:
• Her arthritis made it difficult to open jars or grip objects tightly.
• Many elderly people develop arthritis in their knees and hips over time.
the invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms in the body
noun
Examples:
• The wound became red due to an infection.
• Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections.
a serious infection of one or both lungs in which the air sacs fill with fluid or pus, causing cough, fever, and difficulty breathing
noun
Examples:
• He was hospitalized for two weeks after developing pneumonia following the flu.
• Pneumonia can be life-threatening for the elderly and those with weakened immune systems.
a recurring severe headache typically affecting one side of the head, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound
noun
Examples:
• She had to lie down in a dark room until her migraine passed.
• Stress and lack of sleep are common triggers for migraines.
a sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or getting restorative sleep
noun
Examples:
• Months of work-related stress led to chronic insomnia that left him exhausted every morning.
• Avoiding screens before bedtime can help reduce insomnia symptoms.
a medical condition in which the blood has too few red blood cells or too little hemoglobin, causing fatigue and pallor
noun
Examples:
• The doctor diagnosed her with iron-deficiency anemia after reviewing her blood test results.
• Anemia is common during pregnancy and is often treated with iron supplements.
a medical condition characterized by excessive body fat that increases the risk of health problems
noun
Examples:
• Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
• The study examined the link between childhood obesity and long-term health outcomes.
a mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest
noun
Examples:
• She was diagnosed with clinical depression.
• Depression can affect anyone regardless of age.
a severe economic downturn lasting several years
noun
Examples:
• The Great Depression started in 1929.
• The country fell into an economic depression.
a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated
noun
Examples:
• His hypertension was brought under control with a combination of medication and lifestyle changes.
• Untreated hypertension significantly increases the risk of stroke and heart attack.
inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs, typically causing a persistent cough
noun
Examples:
• She developed bronchitis after a severe cold and was prescribed a course of antibiotics.
• Chronic bronchitis is a common condition among long-term smokers.
an area of redness, spots, or irritation on the skin, often caused by an allergic reaction, infection, or irritant
noun
Examples:
• The child developed a rash on her arms after playing in the grass.
• The doctor examined the rash and determined it was a reaction to the new detergent.
a break or crack in a bone caused by physical force or stress
noun
Examples:
• She suffered a stress fracture in her foot after months of intensive training.
• The X-ray revealed a hairline fracture in his wrist that had gone unnoticed for days.
a temporary brain injury caused by a blow or jolt to the head, often resulting in headache, confusion, or loss of consciousness
noun
Examples:
• The player was removed from the game after showing signs of a concussion following a collision.
• She was told to rest for a week and avoid screens after being diagnosed with a concussion.
a condition in which bowel movements are frequent and liquid, often caused by infection or digestive upset
noun
Examples:
• He developed diarrhea after eating undercooked chicken at the barbecue.
• Travelers to tropical regions are advised to stay hydrated in case they experience diarrhea.
an uncomfortable sensation in the stomach that creates an urge to vomit
noun
Examples:
• She experienced nausea throughout her first trimester of pregnancy.
• The motion of the boat triggered a wave of nausea that made it hard for him to stand.