/ˈsʌn.i/
bright with sunlight; cheerful and bright in disposition
adjective
Examples
- The forecast promises a sunny afternoon with no clouds.
- She had a sunny personality that lit up every room she entered.
/ˈreɪ.ni/
having a lot of rain; characterized by rain
adjective
Examples
- It was a rainy afternoon, so they stayed indoors and played board games.
- The rainy season in this region typically lasts from June through September.
/ˈklaʊ.di/
having many clouds covering the sky
adjective
Examples
- It was a cloudy morning, but no rain fell during the picnic.
- The forecast predicted cloudy skies through the weekend.
/ˈwɪn.di/
having a lot of wind; characterized by strong or frequent gusts of wind
adjective
Examples
- It was too windy to eat outside, so they moved the picnic indoors.
- The windy conditions made it difficult for the cyclists to maintain their pace.
/stɔːɹm/
a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong winds and rain or snow
noun
Examples
- A powerful storm hit the coast last night.
- The storm knocked down trees and power lines.
/ˈθʌn.dɚ/
the loud rumbling or crashing noise heard after a lightning flash
noun
Examples
- A crack of thunder shook the windows.
- The children were frightened by the thunder.
/ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/
a bright flash of electricity produced during a thunderstorm
noun
Examples
- Lightning struck the old oak tree, splitting it in two.
- The storm brought heavy rain and spectacular lightning.
very fast; rapid
adjective
Examples
- The sprinter was known for his lightning speed on the track.
- She made a lightning decision that changed the course of the negotiations.
/snoʊ/
frozen water vapour that falls from the sky in white flakes
noun
Examples
- The ground was covered in fresh snow.
- Heavy snow is expected throughout the weekend.
to fall as snow from the sky
verb
Examples
- It snowed all night long.
- It rarely snows in this part of the country.
/fɒɡ/
a thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the air near the ground, reducing visibility
noun
Examples
- Dense fog reduced visibility on the motorway to less than fifty metres.
- The fog rolled in from the sea overnight and blanketed the entire harbour.
/hjuːˈmɪd.ɪ.ti/
the amount of water vapour present in the air
noun
Examples
- The high humidity made the summer heat feel much more intense.
- She bought a dehumidifier to reduce the humidity in the basement.
/ˈtɛmpɚətʃɚ/
the degree of heat or cold in a body or environment
noun
Examples
- The temperature dropped to below freezing last night.
- Check the temperature of the water before getting in.
/ˈfɔːr.kæst/
a prediction or estimate of future events, especially weather conditions
noun
Examples
- The weather forecast predicts heavy rain for the weekend.
- Analysts revised their economic forecast for the coming quarter.
to predict or estimate a future event or trend
verb
Examples
- Meteorologists forecast a cold snap later this week.
- The company forecasts a ten percent increase in revenue next year.
/draʊt/
a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall leading to a shortage of water
noun
Examples
- The severe drought devastated crops across the entire region.
- Farmers struggled to keep their livestock alive during the months-long drought.
/flʌd/
an overflow of water that submerges normally dry land
noun
Examples
- The flood destroyed hundreds of homes.
- Heavy rains caused severe flooding in the region.
/heɪl/
small balls of ice that fall from the sky during a storm
noun
Examples
- The sudden hail damaged several cars parked on the street.
- They ran for shelter when hail the size of marbles started falling.
/briːz/
a gentle, light wind
noun
Examples
- A cool breeze blew in from the sea, making the hot afternoon more bearable.
- The curtains swayed gently in the soft breeze coming through the open window.
/frɒst/
a thin layer of ice crystals that forms on surfaces when the temperature drops below freezing
noun
Examples
- Frost covered the windshield overnight, so she had to scrape it off before driving.
- The first frost of autumn signalled that winter was approaching.
/ˈreɪn.boʊ/
an arch of colors visible in the sky, caused by reflection and refraction of sunlight through rain
noun
Examples
- A brilliant rainbow appeared in the sky after the afternoon shower.
- The children pointed excitedly at the rainbow stretching over the hills.
/tɔːrˈneɪ.doʊ/
a violently rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground, causing destruction along its path
noun
Examples
- A tornado tore through the small town, destroying dozens of homes in minutes.
- Residents took shelter in basements as the tornado warning sirens began to wail.
/ʌmˈbrel.ə/
a folding canopy stretched over a collapsible frame, carried to protect against rain or sun
noun
Examples
- She grabbed her umbrella on the way out when she saw dark clouds gathering.
- He forgot his umbrella on the bus and arrived at the office completely soaked.